Dove

Pigeons, a diverse group of birds, are distributed worldwide and are often found near human settlements. This fact sheet provides a detailed overview of the biology and ecology of pigeons and highlights the importance of their conservation and coexistence with humans.

Dove Products

Profile: Dove

  • Scientific classification

    • Class: Aves (birds)
    • Order: Columbiformes (pigeon birds)
    • Family: Columbidae (pigeons)
    • Genus: Columba (True Pigeons)
    • Species example: Columba livia (Rock Pigeon)

  • Physical characteristics

    • Size: Body length of 30-40 cm
    • Weight: 200-600 g, depending on species and subspecies
    • Special features: Compact shape with a strong body, short legs, round wings, small heads and a characteristic cooing sound.

  • Habitat and distribution

    • Common regions: Worldwide, except for the extreme polar regions and some isolated islands
    • Habitat: Diverse, from urban areas to forests and parks to agricultural land; adaptable to human settlements.

  • Nutrition

    • Diet: Omnivorous with predominantly plant-based food
    • Typical food: grains, seeds, fruits, berries, but also insects and other small invertebrates.

  • Reproduction and lifestyle

    • Breeding season: All year round, varies depending on region and species
    • Nest building: In trees, buildings, rock niches or other elevated places
    • Egg laying: 1-2 eggs per clutch
    • Brood care: Both parents participate in raising the young
    • Social structure: Usually in pairs or in larger flocks that search for food and rest together.

  • Lifespan and protection status

    • Life expectancy: Up to 15 years in the wild
    • Endangered status: Not threatened, but some species suffer from habitat loss and hunting.
    • Conservation measures: conservation and protection of habitats, regulation of hunting, promotion of conflict prevention measures in urban areas.