wolf

The wolf, an iconic predator with a rich history and cultural significance, is a key player in many ecosystems. This fact sheet provides a detailed overview of the wolf's biology and ecology and highlights the importance of protecting its habitats and living harmoniously with humans.

wolf Products

Profile: wolf

  • Scientific classification

    • Class: Mammalia (mammals)
    • Order: Carnivora (predators)
    • Family: Canidae (dogs)
    • Genus: Canis
    • Species: C. lupus (wolf)

  • Physical characteristics

    • Size: Body length from 105-160 cm
    • Shoulder height: 66-81 cm
    • Weight: 25-80 kg, depending on gender and region
    • Special features: Powerful physique, long legs, broad skull, dense fur in shades of grey, brown or black.

  • Habitat and distribution

    • Common regions: North America, Eurasia, parts of North Africa
    • Habitat: Diverse, from forests to tundra to grasslands and mountains; prefers remote areas with adequate cover and prey.
    • Adaptability: High, can live in different habitats as long as there is enough food.

  • Nutrition

    • Diet: Carnivore
    • Typical food: Mostly wild animals such as deer, elk, wild boar; occasionally also small animals, carrion and plant material.

  • Reproduction and lifestyle

    • Mating season: late winter to spring
    • Gestation period: Approx. 63 days
    • Litter size: Average 4-6 puppies
    • Social structure: Lives in family groups, called packs, which have a complex social structure and hierarchy.

  • Lifespan and protection status

    • Life expectancy: Up to 13 years in the wild
    • Endangered status: Varies by region; threatened by habitat loss, hunting and conflict with livestock farmers.
    • Conservation measures: International and national conservation programs, creation of protected areas and conflict management.
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